Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of a Stabilized Sand Using Geopolymer Made of Wastes and a Natural Pozzolan

In this study, a combination of geopolymers including Rafsanjan Natural Pozzolan (RNP), Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), and an activator such as Calcium Carbide Residue (CCR) or NaOH was used to stabilize improve the poorly graded sandy soil. Factors type, concentration, CKD RNP content were studied. Chemical compounds soil abovementioned materials investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Fluorescence (XRF) detection tests. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests carried out evaluate mechanical behavior specimens. The findings revealed that CKD, which is hazardous byproduct, could be turned into eco-friendly construction material through geopolymerization. presence along with significantly increased UCS samples compared unstabilized specimens (control 1). Microstructural analyses Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed desirable distribution geopolymer gel in stabilized According SEM images, it observed had higher strength than those combined due formation greater amount stable microstructure. research promote sustainable ground improvement techniques waste by-products.